ACI - PRC-444.2
Structural Health Monitoring Technologies for Concrete Structures—Report
Organization: | ACI |
Publication Date: | 1 June 2021 |
Status: | active |
Page Count: | 114 |
scope:
The scope of this report is to provide an overview of SHM as applied to plain, reinforced, and prestressed concrete structures; introduce the physical phenomena that may be monitored and for what purpose; and provide a detailed discussion of established and emerging SHM technologies. This report does not discuss specific methods of data collection, storage, transmission, filtering, analysis, and interpretation. The intent of this report is to inform engineers, owners, and other SHM technology users about available sensor technologies, including the physical principle upon which each is based; equipment and sensor descriptions; method(s) of deployment; strengths and limitations of each technology; summary of availability and degree of acceptance in practice; and to identify relevant guidance or standards for use where they exist. Section 3.1 contains a discussion on the purpose and role of SHM, a broad overview on designing an SHM system, and general considerations for selecting SHM technologies. A table is provided in Section 3.1.3 to guide the reader to the appropriate technology sections in the document (Chapter 4). Section 3.2 presents the fundamental behavior (nonlinearity, non-homogeneity, cracking, and time dependency) of concrete structures to assist the reader in understanding the specific challenges associated with unreinforced, reinforced, and prestressed concrete structures in the selection of sensors and the implementation of SHM systems. The various SHM technologies are discussed in Chapters 4 through 6. Each chapter documents the working principle, necessary equipment, method of deployment, strengths and limitations, readiness for field application, and applicable codes and standards for a single technology or systems of related technologies. Chapter 4 presents technologies that measure the structural response, including acceleration, displacement, strain, or rotation. Chapter 5 presents technologies that measure inputs or stimuli that result in or affect a structural response such as load, environmental conditions such as temperature or humidity, or chemical activity. Emerging technologies, including conductive surface sensors and fiber-optic sensors, as well as related SHM systems such as energy harvesting, microelectromechanic