scope:

This guide provides recommendations for the design and construction of FRP-reinforced concrete structures for nonprestressed FRP reinforcement; concrete structures prestressed with FRP tendons are covered in ACI 440.4R. The basis for this guide is knowledge gained from worldwide experimental research, analytical research work, and field applications of FRP reinforcement.

Design recommendations are based on the current knowledge and are intended to supplement existing codes and guidelines for conventionally reinforced concrete structures and to provide licensed design professionals and building officials with assistance in the design and construction of structural concrete reinforced with FRP bars.

ACI 440.3R provides a comprehensive list of test methods and material specifications to support design and construction guidelines. ACI 440.5 provides specification details for construction with FRP reinforcing bars. Material specifications for FRP bars are found in ACI 440.6.

The use of FRP reinforcement in combination with steel reinforcement for structural concrete is not addressed in this guide.