scope:

General

This part of IEC 60044 applies to newly manufactured electronic current transformers having an analogue voltage output or a digital output, for use with electrical measuring instruments and electrical protective devices at nominal frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz.

NOTE Additional requirements due to the bandwidth are considered. The accuracy requirements on harmonics are given in annex D.

Clause 12 covers the accuracy requirements that are necessary for electronic current transformers for use with electrical measuring instruments.

Clause 13 covers the accuracy requirements that are necessary for electronic current transformers for use with electrical protective relays, and particularly for forms of protection in which the prime requirement is to maintain the accuracy up to several times the rated current. If required, the transient accuracy of an electronic current transformer during fault is also given in this clause.

Electronic current transformers intended for both measurement and protection should comply with all the clauses of this standard and are called multipurpose electronic current transformers.

The transformer technology can be based on optical arrangements equipped with electrical components, on air-core coils (with or without a built-in integrator), or on iron-core coils with integrated shunt used as a current-to-voltage converter, alone or equipped with electronic components.

For analogue output, the electronic current transformer may include the secondary signal cable. Examples of electronic current transformer technologies using air-core coils and ironcore coils with integrated shunt are given in annex C.

For digital output, this standard takes into account a point-to-point connection from the electronic transformer to electrical measuring instruments and electrical devices (see annex B).

Some information has been added in order to ensure the compatibility of this point-to-point link with the overall system of communication in the substation, thus allowing data exchange between all kinds of substation devices. This information builds what is called the mapping of the link layer of the point-to-point serial link. Processbus communication is under consideration.

This mapping allows interoperability between devices from different manufacturers.

This standard does not specify individual implementations or products, nor does it constrain the implementation of entities and interfaces within a computer system. This standard specifies the externally visible functionality of implementations together with conformance requirements for such functionalities.

NOTE 1 Translation of the analogue requirements on CT and VT into digital parameters, such as the number of bits and the sampling speed, has been carried out as far as was reasonable, since the requirements on the conventional CT and VT are expressed according to the actual technologies used and their shortcomings, rather than on needs from the equipment using the information on current and voltage.

NOTE 2 The approach chosen is to concentrate on what is needed by the secondary equipment and how the performance can be calibrated. The concept is compatible with a processbus.

General block diagram of electronic current transformers

The applied technology decides which parts are necessary for the realization of an electronic current transformer, i.e. it is not absolutely necessary that all the parts described in figures 1 and 2 be included in the transformer.

General block diagram of electronic transformers with a digital output

NOTE SC of EVTa is the secondary converter of the electronic voltage transformer of phase a (see IEC 60044-7). SC of ECTa is the secondary converter of the electronic current transformer of phase a. Other data channel mappings are possible (see 6.2.3).

Up to 12 secondary converter data channels are grouped together (merged) using a merging unit (MU). A data channel carries a single stream of sampled measurement values from an electronic current transformer or an electronic voltage transformer (see figure 2). Several data channels may be transmitted via one physical interface from the secondary converter to the merging unit in case of multiphase or combined units. The merging unit supplies the secondary equipment with a time-coherent set of current and voltage samples. A secondary converter can be used also for the acquisition of signals coming from conventional voltage instrument transformers or current instrument transformers and may be integrated into the merging unit.