scope:

Introduction

Since 1983, when the first edition of this American Water Works Association (AWWA) manual was published, many water and wastewater facilities, communities, authorities, states, and countries have implemented dual water distribution systems, along with reclaiming wastewater to make the most of all their available water resources. The International Water Association in London lists, in addition to the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom, 13 other countries that have strong programs in dual water distribution and water reclamation. All quantitative efforts to assess the growth of water reclamation and the adoption of dual water distribution systems for communities large and small have been difficult tasks as their growth seems to be almost exponential. What is appreciated, almost worldwide, is that wastewater reclamation and dual water distribution systems are an important consideration for communities as they search to expand their water supply resource(s).

This manual discusses the planning, design, construction, operation, regulatory framework, and management of community dual water distribution systems, which consist of separate systems for distributing potable water and nonpotable water principally drawn from reclaimed wastewater.