5.1 This is a performance-based method, and modifications are allowed to improve performance.

5.1.1 Due to the rapid development of newer instrumentation and column chemistries, changes to the analysis described in this test method are allowed as long as better or equivalent performance data result. Any modifications shall be documented and performance data generated. The user of the data generated by this test method shall be made aware of these changes and given the performance data demonstrating better or equivalent performance.

5.2 The first reported synthesis of BPA was by the reaction of phenol with acetone by Zincke.7 BPA has become an important high-volume industrial chemical used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate plastic and resins are used in numerous products, including electrical and electronic equipment, automobiles, sports and safety equipment, reusable food and drink containers, electrical laminates for printed circuit boards, composites, paints, adhesives, dental sealants, protective coatings, and many other products.8

5.3 The environmental source of BPA is predominantly from the decomposition of polycarbonate plastics and resins. BPA is not classified as bio-accumulative by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and will biodegrade. BPA has been reported to have adverse effects in aquatic organisms and may be released into environmental waters directly at trace levels through landfill leachate and sewage treatment plant effluents. This method has been investigated for use with soil, sludge, and biosolids.

5.4 The land application of biosolids has raised concerns over the fate of BPA in the environment, and a standard method is needed to monitor concentrations. This method has been investigated for use with various soils.