scope:

The scope of this NASA Technical Standard is restricted to human space flight missions and includes activities affecting crew in all phases of the life cycle (design, development, test, operations, maintenance), both inside and outside the spacecraft, while on the ground, in space and on extraterrestrial surfaces.

Purpose

The purpose of this NASA Technical Standard is to provide uniform technical requirements for the design, selection, and application of hardware, software, processes, procedures, practices, and methods for human-rated systems.

NASA-STD-3001, Space Flight Human-System Standard, is a two-volume set of NASA Agency-level requirements established by the Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO), directed at minimizing health and performance, safety, and engineering risks for flight crews in human space flight programs. Volume 1 of NASA-STD-3001, Crew Health, sets requirements for fitness for duty, space flight permissible exposure limits, permissible outcome limits, health and medical care requirements, medical diagnosis, intervention, treatment and care, and countermeasures. Volume 2 of NASA-STD-3001, Human Factors, Habitability, and Environmental Health, focuses on human physical and cognitive capabilities and limitations and defines requirements for spacecraft (including orbiters, habitats, and suits), internal environments, ground processing, facilities, payloads, and related equipment, hardware, and software systems.

Volume 1 of NASA-STD-3001 considers human physiologic parameters as a system, much as one views the engineering and design of a mechanical device. Doing so allows the human-system to be viewed as an integral part of the overall vehicle design process, as well as the mission reference design, treating the human-system as one system along with the many other systems that work in concert to allow the nominal operation of a vehicle and successful completion of a mission. In Volume 2, the focus turns to human-system integration where the context is about how the human crew interacts with designed systems and the environment. The focus is on performance issues during a mission-whether the human and the designed system can function together (within the environment) and accomplish the tasks necessary for mission success.

Volume 2 of NASA-STD-3001 is applicable to all human space systems. Developers of a system are to write design requirements tailored for their system that will ensure the end product meets the requirements of Volume 2. It should be noted that while this document covers all phases of flight, tailoring must take into consideration a lack of emphasis on partial gravity operations and spacecraft that will be used in both microgravity and partial gravity. This may include adjustments to existing requirements as well as inclusion of additional requirements to encompass the same intent as the content of this document. A supplementary NASA document, NASA/SP-2010-3407, Human Integration Design Handbook (HIDH), can help with the preparation of the system-specific design requirements. The HIDH is a compendium of human space flight history and knowledge. It is organized in the same sequence as NASA-STD-3001, Volume 2, and provides useful background information and research findings. While the HIDH is not a NASA Technical Standard or a requirement, it should be a resource to understand the background associated with the standards to prepare the program- or project-specific requirements. The HIDH can be used not only in the preparation of requirements but also as a useful tool for designers. A complementary reference document to the HIDH is NASA/TP-2014-218556, Human Integration Design Processes (HIDP). The HIDP describes the "how-to" processes, including methodologies and best practices that NASA has used during the development of crewed space systems and operations.

This NASA Technical Standard addresses the equipment and operational interfaces for both flight crew and ground personnel. System requirements fall into one of two categories:

• Requirements for the design of systems that directly interface with the flight crew (and only the flight crew) during a mission are in sections 3 through 11. These requirements include such topics as environmental support systems, architecture, controls and displays, and operations.

• Requirements for the design of systems that ground support personnel and/or flight crews access during assembly, test, checkout, or troubleshooting procedures supporting ground processing, launch, landing, and recovery operations, including simulations for training and/or ground operations development/refinement purposes are addressed in section 12. Section 12 ensures that ground personnel capabilities are accommodated during ground processing and that the flight hardware will not be damaged during ground operations. Requirements for these systems consider the unique characteristics, capabilities, and needs of both the flight crew and ground support personnel.

This NASA Technical Standard contains fundamental, NASA-sanctioned information necessary for building and verifying human-rated spacecraft and is to be used for the development of lower level, program/project-specific requirements.