scope:

This technical paper summarizes the necessary use cases for constructing a concept to enable safe driver override for level 3 or higher automated driving systems (ADS) (refer to Table 1). More specifically, this technical paper describes comprehensive examples of the different categories of driver override events and a wide range of use cases with the objective of providing useful reference information for verifying whether an ADS functions effectively in those use cases and for safe ADS design. However, this technical paper does not consider the application of any restraints or restrictions on ADS.

Note: This description of automated driving levels in this table is provided in explanatory terms as a reference, rather than from an official rule-based standpoint. These descriptions are intended to be more technical than regulatory. Several elements in this table refer to minimum capabilities rather than the upper limits of each level, In this table, the term "system" refers to either a driving automation system or automated driving system (ADS), as appropriate. (Automated driving levels are defined in JASO TP 18004.)