scope:

1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing vertical and batter piles either individually or in groups to determine the load-defection relationship when subjected to lateral loading. It is applicable to all deep foundation units regardless of their size or method of installation. This test method is divided into the following sections:

Section Referenced Documents 2 Significance and Use 3 Apparatus for Applying Loads 4 Apparatus for Measuring Movements 5 Loading Procedures 6 Procedures for Measuring Movements 7 Safety Requirements 8 Report 9 Precision and Bias 10

1.2 This test method only describes procedures for testing single piles or pile groups. It does not cover the interpretation or analysis of the test results or the application of the test results to foundation design or the use of empirical or analytic procedures for determining the magnitude and variation of the coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction, bending stresses, and bending movements over the length of the pile. The term "failure" as used in this test method indicates a rapid progressive lateral movement of the pile or pile group under a constant or decreasing load.

1.3 Apparatus and procedures designated "optional" are to be required only when included in the project specifications and, if not specified, may be used only with the approval of the engineer responsible for the foundation design. The word "shall" indicates a mandatory provision and "should" indicates a recommended or advisory provision. Imperative sentences indicate mandatory provisions. Notes and illustrations included herein are explanatory or advisory.

1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety precautions, see Section 8.