ASTM International - ASTM D4891-13
Standard Test Method for Heating Value of Gases in Natural Gas and Flare Gases Range by Stoichiometric Combustion
| Organization: | ASTM International |
| Publication Date: | 1 May 2013 |
| Status: | inactive |
| Page Count: | 6 |
| ICS Code (Natural gas): | 75.060 |
| ICS Code (Gaseous fuels): | 75.160.30 |
significance And Use:
5.1 This test method provides an accurate and reliable procedure to measure the total heating value of a fuel gas, on a continuous basis, which is used for regulatory compliance, custody transfer,... View More
scope:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the heating value of natural gases and similar gaseous mixtures within the range of composition shown in Table 1, and Table 2 that covers flare components but is not intended to limit the components to be measured in flare gases.
TABLE 1 Natural Gas Components and Range of Composition Covered
| Compound | Concentration Range, mole, % |
| Helium | 0.01 to 5 |
| Nitrogen | 0.01 to 20 |
| Carbon dioxide | 0.01 to 10 |
| Methane | 50 to 100 |
| Ethane | 0.01 to 20 |
| Propane | 0.01 to 20 |
|
n-butane | 0.01 to 10 |
| isobutane | 0.01 to 10 |
|
n-pentane | 0.01 to 2 |
| Isopentane | 0.01 to 2 |
| Hexanes and heavier | 0.01 to 2 |
TABLE 2 Natural Gas Components and Range of Composition CoveredA
| Compound | CAS Number | ||
| Volatile Analytes | |||
| Acetone | 67-64-1 | ||
| Acetonitrile | 75-05-8 | ||
| Acrolein | 107-05-8 | ||
| Acrylonitrile | 107-13-1 | ||
| Benzene | 71-43-2 2 | ||
| 1,3-Butadiene | 106-99-0 | ||
| Carbon disulfide | 75-15-0 | ||
| Chlorobenzene | 108-90-7 | ||
| Cumene (isopropylbenzene) | 98-82-8 | ||
| 1,2-Dibromoethane | 106-93-4 | ||
| Ethylbenzene | 100-41-4 2,2,4 | ||
| Hexane | 110-54-3 | ||
| Methanol | 67-56-1 | ||
| Methyl isobutyl ketone | 108-10-1 | ||
| Methyl t-butyl ether | 1634-04-4 | ||
| Methylene chloride | 75-09-2 | ||
| Nitrobenzene | 98-95-3 | ||
| Nitropropane | 79-46-9 | ||
| Pentane2 | 109-66-0 | ||
| Styrene | 100-42-5 | ||
| Tetrachloroethene | 127-18-4 | ||
| Toluene | 108-88-3 | ||
| Trichloroethene | 79-01-6 | ||
| Trimethylpentane | 2 540-84-1 | ||
| Xylenes (mixed isomers) | 1330-20-7 | ||
| Trimethylpentane | 2 540-84-1 | ||
| Xylenes (mixed isomers) | 1330-20-7 | ||
| Semi-volatile Analytes | |||
| Acenaphthene | 83-32-9 | ||
| Acenaphthylene | 208-96-8 | ||
| Aniline | 62-53-3 | ||
| Anthracene | 120-12-7 | ||
| Benzidine1 | 92-87-5 | ||
| Benz[a]anthracene | 56-55-3 | ||
| Benzo[b]fluoranthene | 205-99-2 | ||
| Benzo[k]fluoranthene | 207-08-9 | ||
| Benzo[g,h,i]perylene | 191-24-2 | ||
| Benzo[a]pyrene | 50-32-8 | ||
| Benzo[e]pyrene2 | 192-97-2 | ||
| Biphenyl2, | 92-52-4 | ||
| Cresol (mixed isomers) | 1319-77-3 | ||
| Chrysene | 218-01-9 | ||
| Dibenz[a,h]anthracen | 53-70-3 | ||
| Dibenzofuran | 132-64-9 | ||
| Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene | 192-65-4 | ||
| 3,3'- Dimethoxybenzidine | 119-90-4 | ||
| Dimethylaminobenzene | 60-11-7 | ||
| 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a) | 57-97-6 | ||
| 3,3'- Dimethylbenzidine | 119-93-7 | ||
| á,á- Dimethylphenethylami | 122-09-8 | ||
| 2,4-Dimethylphenol | 105-67-9 | ||
| Fluoranthene | 206-44-0 | ||
| Fluorene | 86-73-7 | ||
| Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyre | 193-39-5 | ||
| Isophorone | 78-59-1 | ||
| 3-Methylcholanthrene | 56-49-5 | ||
| 2-Methylnaphthalene | 91-57-6 | ||
| Naphthalene | 91-20-3 | ||
| Perylene2 | 198-55-0 | ||
| Phenanthrene | 85-01-8 | ||
| Phenol | 108-95-2 | ||
| 1,4-Phenylenediamine | 106-50-3 | ||
| Pyrene | 129-00-0 | ||
| o-Toluidine | 95-53-4 | ||
| Aldehydes | |||
| Methanol | 67-56-1 | ||
| Formaldehyde | 50-00-0 | ||
| Acetaldehyde | 75-07-0 | ||
| Propanal | 123-38-6 | ||
| C1 to C5 Hydrocarbons | |||
| Description | Compound | CAS Number | |
| C1 Alkanes | Methane | 74-82-8 | |
| C2 Alkanes | Ethane | 74-84-0 | |
| C3 Alkanes | Propane | 74-98-6 | |
| C4 Alkanes | n-Butane | 106-97-8 | |
| Isobutane | 75-28-5 | ||
| C5 Alkanes | n-Pentane | 109-66-0 | |
| 2-Methylbutane | 78-78-4 | ||
| Cyclopentane | 287-92-3 | ||
| C2 Olefins | Ethylene | 74-85-1 | |
| C2 Alkanes | Acetylene | 74-86-2 | |
| C3 Olefins | Propylene | 115-07-1 | |
| C4 Olefins | 1-Butene | 106-98-9 | |
| 2-Butene | 107-01-7 | ||
| Isobutene | 115-11-7 | ||
| C5 Olefins | 1-Pentene | 109-67-1 | |
| Cis-2-pentene | 627-20-3 | ||
| Trans-2-pentene | 646-04-8 | ||
| 2-Methyl-1-butene | 563-46-2 | ||
| 3-Methyl-1-butene | 563-45-1 | ||
| 2-Methyl-2-butene | 513-35-9 | ||
| Cylcopentene | 142-29-0 | ||
| C3 Alkadienes | Propadiene | 463-49-0 | |
| C4 Alkadienes | 1,2-Butadiene | 590-19-2 | |
| 1,3-Butadiene | 106-99-0 | ||
| C5 Alkadienes | 1,2-Pentadiene | 591-95-7 | |
| 1-cis-3-Pentadiene | 1574-41-0 | ||
| 1-trans-3- Pentadiene | 2004-70-8 | ||
| 1,4-Pentadiene | 591-93-5 | ||
| 2,3-Pentadiene | 591-96-8 | ||
| 3-Methyl-1,2- butadiene | 598-25-4 | ||
| 2-Methyl-1,3- butadiene | 78-79-5 | ||
| Cyclopentadiene | 542-92-7 | ||
| Heating Value Range | |||
| Unit | Lower | Upper | |
| Btu/ft
3 | 83 | 2350 | |
A Flare Gas Heating Value range defined in Table 2 is derived from the Evaluation of the Efficiency of Industrial Flares: Flare Head Design and Gas Composition EPA-600 /2-85-106 September 1985 Table 1-1. Agency Information Collection Activities OMB Responses EPA ICR Number 2411.01; NSPS and NESHAP for Petroleum Refineries Sector Residual Risk and Technology; OMB Number 2060-0657.
1.2 This standard involves combustible gases. It is not the purpose of this standard to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with their use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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