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Foreword

This publication is the second edition of the American Water Works Association (AWWA) Manual M20; the original manual was titled Water Chlorination. This manual provides information on chlorination and chloramination practices for the disinfection of drinking water. It does not cover the use of chlorine as an oxidant or as a disinfectant for pipeline and appurtenances.

The first edition was published in 1973 and was prepared to accompany an AWWA workshop on chlorination, which was part of a comprehensive operator's training program developed by an AWWA ad hoc committee and the AWWA Office of Education.

Major portions of the second edition have been adapted from two AWWA publications: Water Treatment, second edition, Principles and Practices of Water Supply Operations; and the Chlorination/Chloramination Handbook by G.F. Connell. In addition, significant contributions were obtained (with permission) from publications of the Chlorine Institute, the US Environmental Protection Agency, the Awwa Research Foundation, and the Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants, fourth edition, by Geo. Clifford White. AWWA thanks the authors and publishers of these resources for the use of their materials.