scope:

1. SCOPE:

The scope of this document, while primarily concerned with issues related to the display of traffic information on the flight deck, also includes issues in the following related categories: controls and displays, sensors, flight deck integration, functionality, testing and validation, training and crew performance. The issues in these categories are presented as they affect the human factors of CDTI system design.

1.1 Purpose:

This document is a compilation of human factors issues related to Cockpit Display of Traffic Information technology. The goal is to identify questions and issues that need to be resolved to develop an airborne system that displays traffic information and to track the efforts by the industry to provide this resolution.

1.2 System Assumptions:

The following is a list of the system assumptions that were used to bound the effort of identifying the issues:

1. It is an on-board system.

2. The system will operate autonomously, but may use data transmitted by ground based sensors.

3. There will be pilot-in-the-loop/manual involvement in all flight path adjustments.

4. Information should be accessible by all flight crew members.

5. The system will address all aircraft types.

6. The system will operate during all phases of flight.

7. The system is not intended to replace Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) functions.

8. The system will meet harmonized certification requirements.

9. Human centered design principles will be applied to system design.

10. System design will use lessons learned from past systems.

11. G-10 documents will focus on the human factors issues.

1.3 Applications to be Considered:

Six general categories of CDTI functionality considered in developing the issues in this document were:

• Pilot awareness and conformance monitoring

• Separation Assurance, Conflict Detection and Conflict Resolution

• Station Keeping

• Joining, Passing Through and Departing Traffic Flows

• Trajectory Negotiation and Maneuver Coordination

• ATC Communications

These functions support the following potential near-term applications:

• Enhanced Visual Acquisition

• Enhanced Oceanic In-trail Climb/Descent Procedures

• Facilitation of Station Keeping in Oceanic, Enroute, and Remote Non-Radar Airspace

• Enhanced Visual Approach

• Facilitation of Closely Spaced Parallel Approaches in IMC

• Enhanced Departure Spacing

• Increased Conflict Awareness