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Water contamination in ammonia refrigeration systems has always been a problem. Owners typically know they have water in a system, but may not be familiar with how it got there, measures to quantify the amounts, analyzing the specific penalties it causes on the system performance, and removing the water in a safe manner. This bulletin offers insights on where the water can come from and how to minimize continued infiltration. It provides an analytical approach to quantifying water concentrations, and recommends apparatus to remove the water.