scope:

This International Standard specifies design and minimum verification requirements for lithium ion rechargeable (including lithium ion polymer) batteries for space vehicles.

Lithium ion secondary electrochemical systems use intercalation compounds (intercalated lithium exists in an ionic or quasi-atomic form within the lattice of the electrode material) in the positive and in the negative electrodes.

The focus of this International Standard is on "battery assembly" and cell is described as "component cells" to be harmonized with other industrial standards and regulations.

"Performance"," safety", and "logistics" are the main points of view to specify.

This International Standard does not address "disposal" or "recycle"; however, some recommendations regarding disposal are suggested.

Life cycle

The service life of a battery starts at cell activation and continues through all subsequent fabrication, acceptance testing, handling, storage, transportation, testing preceding launch, launch and mission operation.

The scope of this International Standard addresses the shelf life, from cell activation to launch, although the life design and evaluations of the battery on the ground need to accommodate to the whole mission life in space.

Each article in this International Standard addresses "performance", "safety", and "logistics", according to the each stage of lifecycle.

NOTE Stages 3 and 5 include storage period which induce some performances verifications

Performance

Evaluation items and methods of application for battery used for space vehicle is explained. The focus of the applicability is on the performance characteristics at the end of life (EOL).

The scope of the performance addresses terminology for the basic performance, typical usage (charge and discharge profile), quality assurance, testing method.

Safety

This International Standard follows the principle of ISO/IEC Guide 51.

Classify the hazards while normal usage through the lifecycle and provide rationale for the dangerous phenomenon, such as fire, burst/explosion, leakage of cell electrolyte, venting, burns from excessively high external temperatures, rupture of battery case with exposure of internal components, and smokes. Typical risk analysis, hazard analysis and fault tree analysis (FTA) through the battery life cycle is suggested in this International Standard. Hazard control method is distributed and tailored into each stage of life cycle, to harmonize with other industrial standards.

The safety test involves the items of "United Nations UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, subsection 38.3, (UN38.3)" or UL1642. Necessary minimum safety precaution is described as Lithium Ion Battery for Space Vehicle.

Technical requirements are intended to reduce the risk of fire or explosion when lithium batteries are used in space vehicle. The final acceptability of these batteries is dependent on their use in a space vehicle that complies with the requirements applicable for range safety or payload safety.

These requirements are also intended to reduce the risk of injury to persons due to fire or explosion when prior to the launch site, transportation, battery testing and manufacturing.[11]

Logistics

In this International Standard, "logistics" means not only physical distribution or transportation but also descriptions on how to handle and care for and configuration (status or conditions of hardware and desirable environment) by each stage of lifecycle.

Descriptions of logistics contain the precautions for "manufacture", "assembling", "handling", "testing", "storage", "packing" and "transportation".

The scope of the logistics addresses the miscellaneous important precaution and rationale to maintain the performance and safety as a space vehicle battery, to harmonize with other industrial standards and regulations. Although, each item of relevant compliances is referred to the original document because each document or regulation is revised independently.