scope:

Scope and objective

Unlike the facilities for the production of marketable compost from source-segregated green waste and biowaste covered by VDI 3475 Part 1 [T21], the waste treatment facilities described in this Part 3 are designed to produce recyclable waste fractions, waste fractions for energy recovery and a bio-stabilised fraction meeting the criteria for landfilling.

Accordingly, the scope of this guideline is largely identical with that of 30. BImSchV [G21] which regulates the construction, design and operation of facilities using biological or a combination of biological and physical processes for the disposal of municipal solid waste and waste streams having disposal routes similar to those of municipal solid waste, to the extent such facilities

• produce biologically stabilised wastes as a pretreatment activity prior to landfilling or thermal treatment,
• recover high-calorific fractions or secondary fuels or
• produce biogas for energy generation

and require a license under § 4 BlmSchG [G1] in conjunction with the German Ordinance on Facilities subject to Licensing (4. BImSchV) [G17].

This guideline does not apply to composting facilities and biogas plants processing biowaste and green waste, anaerobic co-digestion plants and sewage sludge treatment plants.

Unlike 30. BImSchV, this guideline also applies to facilities treating municipal solid waste and other waste streams exclusively by mechanical-physical methods with the aim of separating out the high-calorific fractions and processing them further to produce substitute fuels (see variant 3 in Section 1). Such facilities are regulated by the German Technical Instructions on Air Quality Control - TA Luft [G27].

This guideline describes the state of the art of mechanical- biological waste treatment facilities with a special focus on minimising emissions to air such as odour compounds, harmful gaseous compounds, dust and micro-organisms.

The objective of emission control measures in the facilities described herein is to prevent harmful environmental impacts. The measures required to meet this objective are presented, i.e.

• siting criteria to be considered as early as in the planning phase
• good management practices for material delivery, receiving and pre-processing including facility operation
• controlled interventions into the waste treatment process
• engineering measures for mechanical equipment, buildings and aeration and ventilation systems
• use of waste gas cleaning systems
• air and waste gas management concepts

The guideline is based on the state of knowledge and technical development of advanced mechanical and/ or biological treatment facilities as at the time of its publication. The legislation applicable in Germany and the European Union [G1 to G33] as well as the applicable technical rules [T1 to T54] are compiled in a literature overview and quoted where applicable. The major legislation applicable in Austria is presented in Annex A.

This guideline provides engineering contractors, facility operators and licensing authorities with upto- date information and technically founded guidance on case-specific emission control options to be taken into account in the design, construction and operation as well as the licensing and monitoring of MBTFs. In Germany, this guideline also serves as a basis for detailing and implementing the provisions of 30. BImSchV [G21].

Unless otherwise indicated, all volumetric gas flow rates stated in this guideline relate to standard temperature and pressure conditions.