Preface Beverage cans and many parts in aircraft, appliances, and automobiles are made of thin sheet metals formed by stamping operations at room temperature. Thus, sheet metal forming processes play an important role in mass production. Conventionally, the forming...
INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND The Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors' National Association, Inc. (SMACNA) has found that joining metal by welding is one of the most labor−intense operations in the sheet metal industry. Predicting and controlling the costs and...
I. INTRODUCTION A study was performed to provide bending moment ratings as a function of internal pressure for five API clamp-hub combinations and for a heavy duty 18 3/4-10 connector, designed to withstand a one million ft·lb bending moment at working pressure. The design of the...
1.1 This specification covers expanded metal. 1.1.1 Expanded metal covered by this specification is intended for a variety of applications. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only and may be...