Reference radiographs for high-strength copper-base and nickel-copper alloy castings are intended to be used as a guide to the recognition of common discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and severity level. Discontinuity types most common to these alloys are illustrated. Other discontinuity types such as hot tears, cracks and unfused chaplets are illustrated in applicable Reference Radiographs E186, E192, and E446. For reference, descriptions of typical casting defects and corresponding radiographic indication types are contained in Section 5. Purchasers and suppliers may, by mutual agreement, select particular discontinuity classes (see 1.2) to serve as standards representing minimum levels of acceptability. (See Sections 7 and 8.)

Reference radiographs represented by this standard may be used, as agreed upon in a purchaser supplier agreement, for energy levels, thicknesses or both outside the range of this standard when determined applicable for the casting service application.

Procedures for evaluation of production radiographs using applicable reference radiographs of this standard are prescribed in Section 9; however, there may be manufacturing-purchaser issues involving specific casting service applications where it may be appropriate to modify or alter such requirements. Where such modifications may be appropriate for the casting application, all such changes shall be called-out in the purchaser supplier agreement or contractual document. Section 10 addresses purchaser supplier requisites where weld repairs may be required.

The following ASTM specifications illustrate alloys that may be used with these standards. It is intended that these reference radiographs also apply to related government and commercial material specifications.