scope:

This specification provides the general welding requirements for welding aircraft and space hardware. It includes but is not limited to the fusion welding of aluminum-based, nickel-based, iron-based, cobalt-based, magnesium-based, and titanium-based alloys using electric arc and high energy beam processes. There are requirements for welding design, personnel and procedure qualification, inspection, and acceptance criteria for aerospace, support, and non-flight hardware. Additional requirements cover repair welding of existing hardware. A commentary for the specification is included. The following is a summary of the specification clauses: Clause 1. General Requirements: basic information on the scope and provisions of this specification. Clause 2. Normative References: a listing of the documents that are required for the application of this specification. Clause 3. Terms and Definitions: a list of technical terms and definitions of particular importance to this specification. Clause 4. Design of Welded Connections: requirements and guidance information for the design of welded connections. Clause 5. Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification: qualification requirements for welding procedures, welders, welding operators, and tack welders. Clause 6. Fabrication: requirements for preparation, assembly, and workmanship when welding aerospace hardware. Clause 7. Inspection: criteria for inspector qualification, responsibilities of inspectors, acceptance of production welds, and standard requirements for performing visual inspection and nondestructive examination (NDE). Clause 8. Repair of Existing Structures: requirements for repair of existing aerospace flight hardware. Clause 9. Nonflight Hardware: requirements for welding nonflight hardware. 1.1.1 Flight Hardware. The purpose of this specification is to provide requirements for commonly used fusion welding processes, materials, and acceptance criteria for production welds. This specification also provides requirements for materials, processes, and acceptance criteria that are not listed in this specification when approved by the Engineering Authority. 1.1.1.1 Aircraft, Rotorcraft, and Engines Subject to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Regulation. When applying welding in the design, construction, and repair of aircraft, rotorcraft, or engines subject to FAA regulation, the Engineering Authority must perform the appropriate design analyses and impose process control measures that will ensure compliance with the applicable requirements of the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14.1.1.2 Nonflight Hardware. Nonflight hardware, tooling, ground support equipment, and related nonconventional aerospace facilities shall be designed and welded in accordance with the requirements of Clause 9. 1.2 Units of Measure. This standard makes use of both U.S. Customary Units and the International System of Units (SI). The latter are shown within brackets ([ ]) or in appropriate columns in tables and figures. The measurements may not be the exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently. 1.3 Safety. Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard and therefore are not addressed herein. AWS D17.1/D17.1M:2017-AMD1 Safety and health information is available from the following sources: (1) ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes (2) AWS Safety and Health Fact Sheets (3) Other safety and health information on the AWS website Material or Equipment Manufacturers: (1) Safety Data Sheets supplied by materials manufacturers (2) Operating Manuals supplied by equipment manufacturers Applicable Regulatory Agencies Work performed in accordance with this standard may involve the use of materials that have been deemed hazardous, and may involve operations or equipment that may cause injury or death. This standard does not purport to address all safety and health risks that may be encountered. The user of this standard should establish an appropriate safety program to address such risks as well as to meet applicable regulatory requirements. ANSI Z49.1 should be considered when developing the safety program. 1.4 Classification. All welds produced in accordance with this specification shall be classified on the engineering drawings or contract. Weld classifications shall be as follows: Class A, Class B, or Class C. These classifications refer to the level of inspection required and to the applicable acceptance criteria. Alternate acceptance criteria and inspection methods shall be applied if specified on the engineering drawing. A weld joint may be zoned with multiple classifications. 1.4.1 Procedure Qualification Criteria. The Engineering Authority shall determine the welding procedure qualification requirements for all classifications in accordance with Clause 5 (see Annex F-Commentary). Alternate procedure qualification acceptance criteria may be used when specified on the engineering drawing. 1.5 Approval. All references to the need for approval shall be interpreted to mean approval by the Customer or the Engineering Authority. 1.6 Mandatory Provisions and Authority. Nothing in this specification supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained prior to the contract date or as a contract amendment. 1.6.1 Mandatory Provisions. Most provisions of this specification are mandatory when the use of this specification is invoked. Certain provisions are optional and apply only when specified in contractual documents for a specific project. Guidance information is indicated by the words "should" or "may." 1.6.2 Drawing Authority. When requirements in this specification conflict with those on the engineering drawing, the requirements on the engineering drawing shall take precedence. 1.6.3 Specification Authority. In the event of a conflict between the text of this specification and the references cited herein, the text of this specification takes precedence.

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