scope:

This document deals with field testing using the Ménard pressuremeter test as part of geotechnical
investigation and testing according to EN 1997-1 and EN 1997-2.
The present document describes the procedure for conducting a Ménard pressuremeter test in natural soils, treated or untreated fills and in very hard soils, or soft rocks, either on land or off-shore.
The pressuremeter sounding results of this document are well suited to a quantitative determination of soil strength and deformation parameters. Pressuremeters sounding results can yield lithological information.
They can also be combined with direct investigation (e;g; sampling according to EN ISO 22475-1) or
compared with other in situ tests (see EN 1997-2, 2.4.1.4(2) P, 4.1 (1) P and 4.2.3(2) P).
The Ménard pressuremeter test is performed by the radial expansion of a tricell probe placed in the ground (see Figure 1). During the injection of the liquid volume in the probe, the inflation of the three cells first brings the outer cover of the probe into contact with the borehole walls and then presses on them resulting in a soil displacement. Pressure applied to, and the associated volume expansion of the probe are measured and recorded so as to obtain the stress-strain relationship of the soil as tested.
This Standard refers to a probe historically described as the 60 mm G type probe. This standard applies to test depths limited to 50 m and test pressure limited to 5 MPa.
NOTE 1 In the following instances: Ménard pressuremeter tests carried out at pressures above 5 MPa, Ménard pressuremeter tests at depths exceeding 50m, Ménard pressuremeter tests carried out with E type probes, Full displacement pressuremeter tests, the test procedures and the test interpretations are not necessarily covered by this standard.
NOTE 2 Ménard pressuremeter tests can be carried out with other diameter probes such as 44 mm and 76 mm probes.
NOTE 3 Ménard pressuremeter tests can be carried out with a pressure exceeding 5 MPa or at a depth exceeding 50 m. However the corresponding test procedure and test interpretation are not covered by this standard.
Two alternative methods of measurement are provided as follows:
. procedure A: data is recorded manually;
. procedure B: data is recorded automatically.