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INTRODUCTION Cutting CO2 emission levels by 80% by 2050 is no easy task, and is now an international objective following the agreement reached by the G8 nations in July 2009. If businesses are to succeed in hitting the target, they will have to make significant changes to all aspects of their...
This standard provides test procedures for determining heating capacity, cooling capacity, coefficients of performance (COPs), and energy efficiency ratios (EERs) for systems, as defined in Section 3. This standard applies only to electrically driven, mechanical vapor-compression refrigeration...
This Standard provides minimum performance criteria for factory-assembled unitary heat pumps, single-package or matching assemblies, that are intended for application in open system and closed-loop ground-source heat pump systems. This Standard covers...
This paper examines the impact of the secondary fluid temperatures at the evaporator and condenser on the energy use of water-to-water ground-source heat pumps (GSHP). In the first part of the paper, the energy consumption reduction associated with small temperature...
Part 1 of this Standard covers heating and cooling systems that are generally referred to as "direct-expansion-to
This paper explores the performance of shallow depth helical heat exchangers coupled with ground source heat pumps (GSHP) for residential HVAC applications. These vertical helical heat exchangers occupy considerably less land when compared to horizontal...
Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems are commonly used in Sweden for both residential and commercial buildings. However, there are several key differences compared with GSHP systems utilized in the USA. Scandinavian systems are often heating-only, and instead of using...
The physical and performance requirements in this Standard apply to plastic piping system components as well as nonplastic components of the ground loop heat exchanger including, but not limited to, pipes and fittings used in water-based ground-source heat...
This paper examines the possibility of using a double U-tube borehole as a heat exchanger between two independent circuits. One U-tube is linked to a 10 m2 unglazed photovoltaic-thermal
This paper summarizes a case study of an innovative ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system that uses flooded mines as a heat source and heat sink. This GSHP system provides space conditioning to an existing 56,000 ft2 (5203m2) research facility, in...
Most commercial ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems in the United States are in a distributed configuration. These systems circulate water or an anti-freeze solution through multiple heat pump units via a central pumping system, which usually uses...
The physical and performance requirements in this standard apply to plastic piping system components as well as non-plastic components of the ground loop heat exchanger including but not limited to pipes and fittings used in water-based ground-source heat...
The physical and performance requirements in this standard apply to plastic piping system components as well as non-plastic components of the ground loop heat exchanger including but not limited to cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes and fittings used in water-based...
INTRODUCTION This Information Paper is aimed at developers who are considering renewable energy for the first time. It explains how government incentives could potentially significantly improve the economic viability of renewable energy. Many examples are based on domestic installations because...
The physical and performance requirements in this Standard apply to plastic piping system components as well as non-plastic components of the ground loop heat exchanger including, but not limited to, polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) tubing and fittings used in water-based...
